The Role of Nutrition in Martial Arts, Police, Military Personnel

For a considerable amount of time, nutrition has notOmega-6 fatty acid and Alpha-linolenic acid (LNA)
played a prominent role in the life of many martialwhich is an Omega-3 fatty acid. Both of these fats
artists, police, and military personnel as a means ofcan be found in various foods that have not been
improving performance. Top athletes are alwaysheavily processed.These two fats are highly sensitive
looking for an edge. Although the martial arts are moreand reactive to heat, light, and oxygen (i.e. they go bad
of a way of life and a life style than a sport per se,quickly), and are totally ruined or lost during the
the needs of the martial artist are the same as that ofprocessing of our foods. The reason poly -unsaturated
the elite athlete.Mental aspects not withstanding (i.e.vegetable oils that line the shelves of most super
mental awareness, strategy, cunning, etc.), the need formarkets can sit there for years on end is because
speed, agility, strength, flexibility, and the ability tothey have been heated, deodorized, and generally
recuperate from tough workouts (and unforgivingprocessed to the point that they are the nutritional
sparing partners) is paramount to the success ofequivalent of white bread and table sugar. I
athletes and martial artists alike. Police and militaryrecommend people avoid those oils.Because of all the
personnel can also have unique requirements thatfat bashing by the popular media and health
require them to perform at peak physical and orprofessionals who should know better, most people
psychological levels.Over the past decade ourhave come away thinking that all fat is bad and
knowledge of sports nutrition has evolved into aserves no other purpose than to make our hips and
science that has swept the athletic world and hasstomach wider while ruining our health. Nothing could be
been partially responsible for the ever increasingfurther from the truth. The membrane that surrounds
numbers of athletes who are pushing the envelope ofevery single cell in your body, the sheath around
human ability and performance. Although a handful ofnerves, various hormones, prostaglandins, and
the worlds top martial artists, police, and elite militarycountless other parts of the body (especially the brain)
units have taken advantage of the 'cutting edge'depend on the dietary intake of the right fats.The
nutrition being used by top athletes, the majority ofimportance of the essential fatty acids for health and
these communities has not taken advantage of theperformance cannot be understated. It is true that
new science of sports nutrition.The advantage ofcertain fats, such as, saturated fats, rancid fats, and
improving one's performance through nutrition andtrans fatty acids (found in margarine, Crisco, and other
correct supplementation is obvious for the athlete, butproducts), can cause numerous health problems from
what about the martial artist? Obviously technique,heart disease to cancer and insulin resistance, to name
form, and knowledge of one's chosen martial art isonly a few ills of a diet high in the wrong types of
essential to the mastery of that art, but what if thefat.However, the essential fatty acids (especially the
person, regardless of skill level, becomes a little faster,Omega-3 fatty acids) are anti-lipolytic (stop fat
stronger, and able to resist and repair from injuries andstorage), anti-catabolic (stop the break down of
training better?Will they not be an improved version ofmuscle tissue), increase metabolic rate and beta
their former self? Of course they will! Proper nutritionoxidation (burn calories/increase fat burning), improve
can make the martial artist, as it has for so many ofinsulin sensitivity, reduce the chances of heart diseases,
today's top athletes, an improved and potentially moreand a whole lot more (3).Though early research told us
accomplished practitioner of their art, plain and simple. Ifthat we need a bit more LA (the Omega-6 fatty acid)
a policeman is able to stay alert, has more endurancethan LNA (the Omega-3 fatty acid) in our diet, we find
or strength, etc., will he/she not have an addedin practice that a diet containing higher amounts of
advantage to the job? Of course.. The benefits to theOmega-3 fatty acids (LNA) gets the best results in
soldier are obvious. Bottom line? To not takehealth, bodyfat levels, and performance.The richest
advantage of the science of nutrition andsource of the Omega-3 fatty acid LNA is Flax oil,
supplementation, is to short change the martial artists,which also contains a small amount of the Omega-6 oil
police, and military personnel.As a trainer for manyLA (4). Flax oil can be found in the refrigerated section
athletes from various sports, police, and, militaryof any good health food store and is derived from the
personnel, and the author of numerous articles oncareful processing of flax seeds (5). As a nutritional
sports nutrition and training, I have come to a fewconsultant to various athletes, I have used flax oil with
general guidelines that should be of considerable helpmany of the country's top bodybuilders (a group of
and interest to the martial artist, police, etc. who wantathletes notoriously fearful of eating fat) to reduce their
to improve both health and performance. Thoughbodyfat levels and improve their performance and
nutrition is a complex topic, I have devised a basichealth. Two/three tablespoons a day over a salad,
guide to the major and minor nutrients that should betaken straight, or in a protein drink does the trick
helpful to the martial artist, police, and athlete alike who(6).Another major source of Omega-3 fatty acids can
are trying to make food and nutrient choices. Ofbe found in deep water cold fish such as sardines,
course this guide is in no way total or complete, andmackerel, and salmon (7), and I recommend that
many individual differences may apply, but as a basicpeople eat two to three servings of these fish per
guide to examining these nutrients, it could give you theweek. Good sources of LA are unprocessed
edge you have been looking for.ProteinProteins arevegetable oils such as safflower, sunflower, sesame,
made up of amino acids which are the structural unitsand many other oils found in health food stores.Fats to
of the protein molecule. There are approximately 20avoid are highly processed vegetable oils and other
amino acids. Eight of them are considered 'essential'processed vegetable products (such as margarine),
because the human body cannot make them on itsrancid fats, and to a lesser degree, saturated fats. The
own - which is the definition of an essential nutrient.key to health and performance is a proper balance of
Link a few amino acids together and you get aessential fatty acids (LNA and LA), mono unsaturated
peptide. Link a bunch of peptides together and you getoils (found in olive oil, avocados, etc.), and small
a protein. The shape of the individual amino acids (andamounts of saturated fats found in lean meats and
resulting proteins) is unique and highly specific, so Iother sources combined with the right carbohydrates
won't go into great detail about it here.Suffice it to say,and proteins.Vitamins/MineralsObviously a full
proteins are an essential part of virtually every functiondescription of every vitamin and mineral and all their
in our body from the muscles, to certain hormones, tofunctions would take several large text books, so I
our immune system(s) and a whole lot more. Inwon't even attempt it here. A good multi vitamin is an
particular, the amino acids known as the 'branchedinsurance plan to make sure we get all the major
chain' amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) andvitamins and minerals that for what ever reason we
the amino acid L-glutamine are of particular interest tofailed to get from our food on any given day.There is
active people as they are anti-catabolic (musclenot a single cell in our entire body that does not require
sparing) and immune enhancing, to name only a fewthe use, or interaction with, some vitamin, mineral, or
functions and benefits of these particular aminobiological function that is dependent on the above
acids.Though the RDA for protein is generally sufficientnutrients in adequate amounts. If you think we get all
for couch potatoes (with some debate) the majority ofthe vitamins and minerals we need from our highly
athletes and/or highly active people will benefit fromprocessed food supply (as some health professionals
higher intakes of high quality proteins. Proteins with themaintain), then I have a bridge in Brooklyn I would like to
highest biological value (BV) are the proteins thatsell you. Some (but not all) nutritionists and other health
should constitute the majority of the active person'srelated professionals will often say something like
diet, as they are superior for maintaining positive'vitamins supplements just cause expensive urine'.The
nitrogen balance, reducing recuperation time fromlast time I checked, chemo therapy, heart bypass
workouts, improving immune function, etc.Whey proteinoperations, and hundreds of other medical treatments
concentrate (WPC) and isolates (WPI) have thecost considerably more than the average multi vitamin.
highest BV of any protein, is almost 50% branchedIf the intake of vitamins were to prevent any major
chain amino acids, and is high in L-glutamine, which isdisease in say one out of a 100,000 people, it would
why I recommend several servings a day of WPChave been worth every cent in my book. In my opinion,
WPI to all the athletes/martial artists/police I workthe correct use of vitamins, minerals, herbs, essential
with.There are several brands of WPC/WPI on thefatty acids, and many other nutritional based
market. Other high quality proteins such as skinlesscompounds, is the best route to optimal health and
chicken, fish, eggs, soy, and lean red meats, haveperformance. Any major brand of multi vitamin from
relatively high BV values and are good proteins.such manufacturers as Twin Lab, Solgar, or Nature's
Another point that is important to know, the higherBest, to name only a few good brands, would be
quality the protein, the less the person has to eat andfine.Anti - oxidants'Anti-oxidants' and 'free radicals' are
this allows the person to keep total calories lower bythe hot buzz words these days on television news
sticking to these high BV proteins.For a person who isshows, news paper articles, and magazine features.
active in the martial arts, has a busy job, and probablyThough scientists in the health and nutritional fields
does some weight lifting and/or aerobics, an intake ofhave known about them for decades, they have
.7 ? .8 grams of protein per pound of lean body weightrecently been getting a lot of attention by mainstream
is what I have generally recommended. For high levelmedia and more open minded medical
bodybuilders and competitive distance athletes, theresearchers.Anti-oxidants are a special class of
protein intake will be higher, approximately 1g of proteinvitamins and other non vitamin compounds that
per lb /bodyweight being the most common.In certainneutralize free radicals before they can damage cells
situations, amino acid supplementation is useful, butin our body. What is a free radical? A free radical is a
most people will have no problem getting what theyhighly reactive molecular fragment that has a single
need by eating plenty of high quality protein foods. Lowunpaired electron. The unpaired electron wants to ?pair
grade, high fat, preservative loaded, protein foods suchup? with another electron.The free radical will steal this
as luncheon meats, hot dogs, etc., should be avoidedelectron from virtually anything it comes in contact with,
for obvious reasons.CarbohydratesCarbohydrates areincluding our cells. This reaction, if left unchecked, leads
made primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygento a free radical chain reaction and damage to various
atoms that cycle into a ring. They can be 'simple' orparts of the cell depending on where it takes place. An
'complex' depending on the number of rings that areanti-oxidant can donate an electron without itself
hooked together and the way the carbohydratebecoming a free radical and thus can break the chain
effects blood sugar (1). Though the rings can be slightlyof events leading to an uncontrolled free radical chain
different in shape, their common theme is the ringreaction (8).Free radical pathology is now believed to
structure. Similar to amino acids that make up proteins,be linked to diseases such as cancer, heart disease,
when you link the simple units (the sugars) togetherdiabetes, and dozens of other afflictions. Without going
you get carbohydrates with different properties.Asinto a long (and boring) biochemical explanation, there
most people know, carbohydrates are a primaryare many things that cause free radicals to be
source of energy for the body. The best type ofreleased, such as smoking, exposure to various toxins
carbohydrates to eat are those that are high in fiber,found in air, food and water, sickness, exercise, and
vitamins, and minerals.Though foods such as pasta,stress in general.Anti-oxidants such as vitamin E and C
breads, and white rice are considered 'complex' theyand other compounds such as selenium, N-acetyl
are highly processed foods, totally inadequate in fiber,cysteine (NAC), and proanthocyanidins (derived from
vitamins, and minerals and should not make up a highgrape seed extract), to mention a few, will help
percentage of a persons carbohydrate intake. Thoughrecuperation from tough workouts, improve immunity,
these foods are often fortified with certain vitamins, inpossibly prevent certain diseases, and improve your
my opinion this does not truly replace what is losthealth in so many different ways it would take another
during processing, not to mention the many nutrientsarticle to explain. A good anti-oxidant formula made by
that are not replaced.Americans are notoriously lowany one of the brands I mentioned previously, should
eaters of fiber, and heavily processed foodsbe added to the diet in addition to the multi- vitamin.
mentioned above do nothing to correct this deficit. HighWhey proteins can also greatly improve anti oxidants
fiber carbohydrate foods such as brown rice, beans,status and is recommended.Sports Supplements:The
lentils, oatmeal, sweet potatoes, and many others, aretopic of sports nutrition supplements, such as:
the preferred carbohydrate foods for health,androstenedione and other ?andros,? Arginine,
performance, steady blood sugar levels, and reducedColostrum, CLA, Creatine, Ecdysterone, GH
bodyfat levels.Though the high carbohydrate/low fatSupplements, Ginseng, HMB, Myostatin Inhibitors and
diet is all the rage these days, it has not been in myTribulus, to name just a few, is beyond the scope of
experience the optimal diet for the many athletes,this article. Each supplement has its potential uses,
martial artists, and ?normal? people I have worked withdawbacks, doses and other variables that need to be
(see fats below). Data continues to support the factexamoned on an indavidual basis. People in the martial
that high carb low fat diets are not optimal for eitherarts, law enforecement, or military that want to
health for weight loss. Eating too much of anything,understand these supplements ; whether or not they
including carbohydrates, will make one fat (too bad theare worth useing, doses, types, etc., should consider
makers of non-fat foods fail to tell you this) and causereading my ebook on the topic of sports nutrition
a host of other ills I don't have the space here tosupplements, nutrition, and training called Muscle Building
cover.There are many researchers, books, and studiesNutrition.ConclusionThe above list of foods and
using both animals and humans that seriously questionssupplements is in no way complete or the entire
the high carbohydrate/low fat diet as the optimal dietpicture when it comes to additional ways the martial
for health and performance. Two grams per pound ofartist, police, and military personnel can improve his or
lean bodyweight of carbohydrates is more thanher health, strength, bodyfat levels, and recuperative
sufficient to fuel the energy needs of most athletes ifabilities. However, the information presented here can
other aspects of their diet is adequate (i.e. correct usemake for a foundation of health and performance that
and amounts of certain fats and proteins). And, ascould add a considerable edge for those who seeks
mentioned previously, the source of thoseit.(1)The way a carbohydrate effects blood sugar after
carbohydrates is of paramount importance.FatsTheit is eaten is known as the glycemic response. The
very word sends a shiver down the back of theglycemic index (GI) is a list of foods and how they
leanest person. There is not a more misunderstoodeffect blood sugar. Some foods we think of as
nutrient in all of nutrition than fats. Many people know'complex' actually raise blood sugar much faster than
there are big differences in how variousmany foods we think of as 'simple'.(2) The health
carbohydrates effect the body and some people evenproblems related to fats is are far more complex than
know that different proteins have different properties,most people appreciate. The pathology of disease(s)
but 'a fat is a fat, no'? is what the majority of peoplecaused by high fat intakes of the wrong types of fat
would say if you asked them about this much malignedis a complex interaction between certain fats,
nutrient.Fats have just as many biochemicalcarbohydrates, a lack of certain vitamins and other
differences in the human body as do carbohydratesnutrients, free radical/anti-oxidant mechanisms, and
and proteins, and thus have just as many differentother factors that are poorly understood.(3) For more
effects on the body that range from very good toinformation on the many benefits of the essential fatty
very bad. It really depends on the type and amount ofacids and to find out more information about fats and
fat(s) we eat(2). Americans tend to get their dietaryhealth in general, read ?Fats the Heal fats that Kill? by
fats from saturated fats, rancid fats, and highlyDr. Udo Erasmus published by Alive books.(4) LNA and
processed fats ( which contain by products such asLA are in a 4:1 ratio in flax oil.(5) Like fresh eggs, milk,
trans fatty acids), thus giving fats a bad name.Asmeat, etc, all fresh unprocessed oils will spoil (go rancid)
mentioned earlier, an essential nutrient is anything theif not refrigerated constantly and eaten shortly after
human body cannot manufacture on its own and mustopening the bottle.(6) All highly unsaturated oils, including
be obtained from the diet, or the person will becomeflax, should NEVER be used to cook with as this will
sick and/or perish if the nutritional deficit is notchange the structure of theses oils making them toxic
corrected. We know there are a multitude of vitaminsand of little use for the purpose they are intended
and minerals, eight amino acids, and two types of fatsfor.(7) The 'fish oils' DHA and EPA can be formed in
that are considered essential nutrients for life itself tothe human body from LNA by desaturase
continue.You should be aware that there is no suchenzymes.(8) It is important to note that free radical
thing as an essential carbohydrate, but that's a wholereactions are a normal and essential part of
other story. The two fats that are known to bemetabolism. It is the uncontrolled free radical chain
essential to health are Linoleic acid (LA) which is anreactions that we are concerned with.